cubing

an unhealthy obsession with the cube that changes shape.

9th in North America6.95 ao5 at NA Champs

I started cubing in 2018 and got into Square-1 competitively. Most importantly, through cubing I came out of my shell, met my closest friends and organized competitions across the midwest, all of which got me into Berkeley.

In my early days of cubing, I started Square-1 because its algorithms weren’t just learning an algorithm for every case, rather it’s like a tree where all you learn is how to get to the next case. I was really competitive and was stoked with my first Square-1 podium in 2019. Over COVID, I practiced 4+ hours a day, getting my Square-1 average down to 6 seconds which led me to become 34th in the world with a 6.78s average in competition. These days, I’m more of an all-rounder, practicing events from 7x7 to 3x3 Blindfolded. Cubing is more of a stress reliever for me now, when I’m bored I’ll do a dozen or so solves and get back to what I was doing before.

Cubing has a special place in my heart not because of solving cubes, but by how much it changed me. The special thing about cubing competitions is that everyone is super friendly and inclusive, which led me to come out my shell and make my first friend group as a shy 10-year-old. In 2023, I also organized my first competition, giving me valuable leadership skills from dealing with finances and leading staff teams. I believe this is what separated me from the pack and got me into Berkeley, as I was able to write passionately about how cubing changed me and the skills I learned. Even though I practice less now, I still regularly attend competitions almost purely to hang out with friends, with winning being a nice bonus when it happens.

Joseph at a speedcubing competition
personal bests
3x3CFOP
PB AT HOME
single5.39s
ao57.34s
PR, official
single6.57s
ao58.24s
main: MoYu WeiLong V11 (20-Magnet Ball Core)
square-1CSP / OBL / PBL
PB AT HOME
single3.29s
ao55.59s
PR, official
single5.06s
ao56.78s
main: Ivan’s MGC (Repelling Magnets)
PBL

Permute Both Layers, aka PBL, is the final step in solving the Square-1. It is after the steps where the puzzle becomes a cube (Cubeshape) and where the black and white pieces separate (OBL), both with algorithm sets similar to a tree. PBL, however, is unique in that there are 968 cases (compared to cubeshape’s 90 and OBL’s 186), so how could we possibly solve them all optimally? The answer is learning 52 short algorithms, in which all of PBL can be solved with a combo of two of them, so for any PBL solution all that needs to be remembered is something like "JJ SP". The fun thing about PBL is that it can be optimized to whatever degree you want, by incorporating "special" cases as one-off optimizations like G/Y as a 7 move algorithm where the "standard" 2 algorithm solution uses 10. I’ve spent a lot of time optimizing my PBL while discussing with others online, and have made a guide which you can see here.

solution classes
special
obvious
CP → SP/PS
CP → KP/PK
JR
sample cases
Ja/JaJJ
Sa/OppJJ KP
Bm/WPS NN
V/UlJJ JR
F/ZpJpJ KK
awards
2024, 2026

2x Square-1 North American Championship Finalist

9th place in 2026
2026

Square-1 Heartland Champion

7.95s average of 5
2025

34th in the World

6.78s Square-1 Average of 5, 18th in NA/US